Dry eye disease （DED） is a multifactorial ocular surface disease in which inflammation plays a key driving role in its onset and progression. With advances in the understanding of its pathophysiology， anti-inflammatory therapy has become a core strategy in DED management. To further standardize the clinical treatment pathway of anti-inflammatory drugs for DED， this consensus was jointly formulated by Beijing Hospital， National Center for Gerontology， Geriatric Pharmacy Committee of the Chinese Medicine Education Association， Pharmacy Administration and Pharmaceutical Innovation Branch of the Chinese Association of Geriatric Research， Geriatric Pharmacy Committee of the Beijing Pharmaceutical Association. This consensus was developed based on the latest domestic and international evidence and clinical practice， following international guideline methodological standards. Through multiple rounds of the Delphi method， this consensus addresses 5 clinical questions and provides 13 recommendations. This consensus establishes treatment strategies tailored to different severity levels of DED， and clarifies key points regarding the treatment course， criteria for switching or discontinuing anti-inflammatory medications， applications in special populations， and management of adverse reactions， with the aim of providing clinicians with a standardized and practical reference.

In addition to chemotherapeutic agents， a variety of non-chemotherapeutic drugs have been found to induce peripheral neuropathy in recent years， collectively referred to as non-chemotherapeutic drug-induced peripheral neuropathy. Non-chemotherapeutic drug-induced peripheral neuropathy is clinically characterized by neuropathic pain， with consequent substantial impairment of patient quality of life. This article systematically elaborated on the pathogenesis of non-chemotherapeutic drug-induced peripheral neuropathy， including metabolic disorders， covalent modifications， organelle damage， intracellular inflammatory signal transduction， axonal transport defects， and channelopathies， and introduced specific intervention methods targeting these mechanisms. It also discussed the advances in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of non-chemotherapeutic drug-induced peripheral neuropathy. This article aims to provide a reference for clinicians in identifying and managing non-chemotherapeutic drug-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Elinzanetant， a neurokinin-1 and neurokinin-3 receptor antagonist developed by Bayer AG of Germany， is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. On October 24， 2025， the FDA approved the marketing of elinzanetant. This paper aims to review its research and development progress， focusing on basic information， mechanism of action， pharmacokinetics， clinical efficacy， and safety， to provide scientific evidence and reference for rational clinical use.

Objective To develop a reusable value assessment framework for systemic antifungal drugs used in the treatment of invasive fungal disease from the perspective of drug selection in medical institutions.Methods Based on the Drug Selection Guideline for Medical Institutions， a multi-criteria decision analysis approach was applied to construct an evaluation index system with expert input. The MACBETH method was used to construct scoring functions by identifying value differences through pairwise comparisons of performance levels by key stakeholders， and to convert performances of antifungal drugs on each indicator into standardized scores. The analytic hierarchy process was applied to obtain weights for indicators. A pilot evaluation was conducted using recently launched antifungal drugs， such as amphotericin B liposome for injection.Results A value assessment framework for systemic antifungal drugs was developed， comprising 10 first-level indicators， 22 second-level indicators， and 30 third-level indicators. The pilot evaluation results indicated that isavuconazole sulfate for injection and amphotericin B liposome for injection demonstrated comparable performance within this framework， and both outperformed amphotericin B cholesterol sulfate complex for injection.Conclusion The proposed value framework can support drug selection in medical institutions by enabling quantitative value assessments of systemic antifungal antifungal drugs by integrating multiple value dimensions according to specific decision-making needs.

Objective To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of drug-related problems （DRPs） among elderly patients with hypertension in remote suburban areas， and to provide a reference for rational drug use in this region.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on hypertensive patients aged 65 years or older admitted to the geriatric ward of Yanqing District Hospital from January to June 2024. Based on the Strand DRPs classification system and the latest relevant disease guidelines， the types of DRPs in patients were evaluated. A generalized linear model （GLM） was used to establish regression equations， and maximum likelihood estimation was applied to analyze the influencing factors of DRPs.Results A total of 317 patients were included， with 1016 DRPs. The most common DRPs were indication-related problems （515， 50.69%）， including 469 （46.16%） problems of the need for additional drug therapy and 46 （4.53%） problems of unnecessary medication therapy. GLM analysis showed that age had a significant effect on DRPs of unnecessary medication therapy and need for additional treatment. The combined use of medications had a significant effect on DRPs of unnecessary medication therapy， need for additional medication therapy， excessively low dosage， and adverse drug events. Charlson comorbidity index had a significant effect on DRPs of need for additional medication therapy， adverse drug events， and excessively high dosage.Conclusion DRPs among elderly hypertensive patients in remote suburban areas primarily focus on drug appropriateness， which is influenced by various factors. It is necessary to strengthen medication management and improve the level of rational use of medicines in clinical practice.

Objective To identify genetically supported potential therapeutic targets associated with major depressive disorder （MDD）， thereby providing evidence for the development of novel antidepressant treatment strategies.Methods This study utilized MDD GWAS data comprising 29 475 cases and 63 482 controls， combined with expression quantitative trait loci （eQTL） data from the genotype-tissue expression （GTEx） v8 project， to conduct a transcriptome-wide association study （TWAS）. The unified test for molecular signatures （UTMOST） was employed for cross-tissue analysis to identify potential therapeutic target genes， and functional summary-based imputation （FUSION） was used for validation at the single-tissue level. Mendelian randomization （MR） and co-localization analysis were further performed to validate the causal relationship between the candidate gene and MDD. AutoDock Vina molecular docking was used to evaluate the druggability and drug-binding characteristics of the candidate target.Results UTMOST analysis identified three corrected candidate genes with a false discovery rate （FDR<0.05）， while FUSION single-tissue analysis identified 20 candidate genes that were significant in at least one tissue （FDR<0.05）. The CSDC2 gene was identified by both methods， supporting its reliability as a potential therapeutic target. MR analysis confirmed a significant causal association between CSDC2 and MDD （OR=0.804， 95%CI： 0.713-0.907， P<0.05）， and colocalization analysis suggested that they shared the same causal variant （PP.H4=0.923）. Molecular docking analysis showed that the CSDC2 protein had favorable binding affinity with the antidepressant escitalopram， with a binding energy of -6.8 kcal/mol， supporting its feasibility as a potential therapeutic target.Conclusion The CSDC2 gene may serve as a potential therapeutic target for MDD， providing genetic evidence and molecular basis for the development of more effective antidepressant drugs.

Objective To systematically review the research status and frontier hotspots of Angelica dahurica through bibliometric methods and provide references for future research.Methods Using baizhi and Angelica dahurica as subject terms， we retrieved relevant literature from the CNKI， Wanfang databases， VIP databases， and the Web of Science databases. After deduplication with NoteExpress， visual analysis of the included Chinese and English articles was conducted using CiteSpace and the R language.Results A total of 3027 articles were included， 2608 Chinese articles， and 419 English articles. Annual publications on Angelica dahurica fluctuated in stages， with increasing international attention. China was the core research country； Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Kyung Hee University were the most productive institutions for Chinese and English literature， respectively. Keyword analysis revealed that Chinese studies focused on clinical compatibility， such as medication rules and ligusticum chuanxiong， while English studies delved into molecular mechanisms， including NF-κB and apoptosis. Burst analysis indicated that research frontiers were shifting from quality standards toward data mining and synergistic effects.Conclusion Research on Angelica dahurica has established a system integrating clinical compatibility patterns and molecular mechanisms. Future studies should focus on core herb pairs， integrate data mining and synergistic effects research， systematically elucidate the mechanisms underlying its clinical efficacy， and provide theoretical references for rational clinical application.

Objective To explore the current research status and trend in retinoblastoma （RB） using bibliometrics and visual analysis methods.Methods The literature related to RB research from 2015 to 2025 was collected from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace 6.4 was used to analyze the annual number of publications， countries/regions， institutions， authors， key words， and cited literature in this research direction， and the relevant visual knowledge map was drawn.Results A total of 4746 valid articles were included. The annual number of publications generally showed an upward trend， especially after 2018， and reached the peak in 2021 （574 articles）. The United States and China were the core output countries. Research institutions were dominated by academic medical centers such as the Harvard University system and the University of Toronto， while Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China also ranked among the high-output institutions. A highly productive author group and close cooperation network with Abramson DH and Shields CL as the core have been formed in the field. The research themes can be summarized into three major directions： basic research on disease molecular mechanisms （e.g.， proteins， transcription factors）， applied research on clinical diagnosis/treatment and patient management （e.g.， chemoreduction， drug resistance）， and exploration of tumor biological behavior. A clear evolutionary trajectory was observed， shifting from basic mechanism exploration to clinical technology application， and further to cutting-edge topics such as targeted therapy， drug delivery systems， and global disease burden.Conclusion In the past decade， research on RB has remained consistently active， with the United States and China contributing as core forces， and international collaborative networks becoming increasingly closer. Research hotspots have shifted from basic mechanisms toward clinical translation and precision treatment， with targeted therapy， drug delivery， and disease burden emerging as important future frontiers.

Objective To analyze the current status of clinical trials of antidepressant drugs in China based on the Drug Clinical Trial Registration and Information Disclosure Platform.Methods Antidepressant clinical trials registered on the Drug Clinical Trial Registration and Information Disclosure Platform were retrieved from its establishment to October 31， 2025. Descriptive statistics were conducted on their basic information， leading institutions， and trial characteristics.Results A total of 633 clinical trials of antidepressants were included， mainly domestic trials （628 trials）. The 188 leading institutions spanned 30 provinces， autonomous regions， and municipalities directly under the Central Government， with Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University （51 trials） in Beijing （101 trials） as the core. Chemical drugs accounted for the majority （606 trials）， including 479 bioequivalence trials covering 39 agents. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）/natural drugs （27 trials） were mainly in phase Ⅱ-Ⅲ trials. Bioequivalence trials mainly adopted cross-over， randomized， and open-label designs， whereas phase Ⅱ-Ⅲ trials used parallel-group， randomized， and double-blind designs. Seven chemical drugs that have completed phase Ⅲ trials mainly target the monoamine neurotransmitter system， and four TCM/natural products focus on soothing the liver and relieving depression.Conclusion Antidepressant clinical trials in China are growing steadily， dominated by domestic bioequivalence trials of chemical drugs. Future efforts should focus on original innovation， TCM mechanism research， and international cooperation.

Objective To systematically evaluate the application efficacy of a stepwise teaching model integrating case-based learning （CBL） and problem-based learning （PBL）， combined with a previously developed digital-intelligent simulated question-generation module， in the practical teaching of prescription evaluation and pre-authorization review for pharmacy graduate students.Methods A self-controlled before-and-after study design was adopted. Master's students majoring in clinical pharmacy or pharmacy administration， who underwent primary clinical pharmacy practice at the Department of Pharmacy， Peking University Third Hospital during the autumn semesters of 2023 and 2024 were enrolled as study subjects. The curriculum commenced with theoretical learning， followed by practical sessions comprising three progressive stages： basic CBL case learning， CBL integrated with interactive commentary， and digital-intelligent PBL-based pre-authorization review practice. A 5-point Likert scale was utilized to assess students' learning interest， perceived learning difficulty， and learning outcomes （including mastery of knowledge points， critical thinking in evaluation， literature retrieval skills， communication skills， and summarization/analytical abilities） across the three stages， as well as their satisfaction with the teaching effectiveness. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） was performed for statistical comparisons.Results A total of 54 master's students were included， of whom 44 （81.48%） majored in clinical pharmacy and 10 （18.52%） in pharmacy administration. Regarding teaching outcomes， students' learning interest peaked during the CBL integrated with interactive commentary stage ［（4.59±0.53） points］. Perceived learning difficulty progressively increased with the advancement of teaching stages （P<0.05）， most notably during the digital-intelligent PBL-based pre-authorization review stage ［（3.35±0.64） points］. In terms of competency development， students demonstrated significant improvements in literature retrieval skills， communication skills， and summarization/analytical abilities （P<0.05）， all reaching their highest levels during the digital-intelligent PBL-based pre-authorization review stage. Students reported high satisfaction with both the course content and teaching methods ［（4.89±0.31） points and （4.98±0.13） points， respectively］， along with a high overall satisfaction score ［（4.94±0.23） points］.Conclusion The stepwise teaching model integrating CBL and PBL， supplemented by a digital-intelligent module， can effectively enhance core practical competencies and advanced clinical reasoning among pharmacy graduate students in the fields of prescription evaluation and pre-authorization review. This approach facilitates the transition from knowledge transmission to job competency acquisition， providing a reference for the continuous improvement of pharmacy practical education.

Objective To identify the independent influencing factors of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） at one year after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in patients with coronary heart disease， and to construct and validate a nomogram prediction model.Methods This retrospective study design was adopted. Patients with coronary heart disease after PCI who were followed up at three community health service centers in Fengtai District， Beijing， from October 2022 to May 2024 were enrolled. All patients were divided into the MACE group and the non-MACE group according to whether MACE occurred within the one year follow-up period. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent influencing factors of MACE， and a nomogram model was subsequently established. The model performance was evaluated by calibration curve， decision curve analysis， receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， and Bootstrap internal validation.Results A total of 253 patients completed the follow-up and 82 received standardized medication therapy management （MTM） services. During follow-up， 51 cases developed MACE and 202 cases did not. Multivariate analysis showed that higher preoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） level （OR=1.001）， higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） level （OR=1.117）， New York Heart Association （NYHA） cardiac function classification grade Ⅳ （OR=3.133）， and absence of MTM services （OR=0.227） were independent risk factors for MACE （all P<0.05）. The area under the ROC curve of the constructed nomogram model for predicting MACE was 0.863， with a sensitivity of 82.35% and a specificity of 78.22%. The calibration curve presented good model fitting （Hosmer-Lemeshow χ²=4.171， P>0.05）. Decision curve analysis indicated that the model yielded clinical net benefit within the risk threshold of 8%-97%.Conclusion A nomogram model for predicting the one year MACE risk in community coronary heart disease patients after PCI is successfully constructed and validated. The model incorporates four key predictive factors： preoperative NT-proBNP， hs-CRP， NYHA cardiac function classification， and MTM， and exhibits good predictive efficacy and clinical applicability.

Objective To evaluate the impact of medication therapy management （MTM） services led by clinical pharmacists on the clinical outcomes of community patients with coronary heart disease， and to provide a reference for establishing a model of clinical pharmacists participating in MTM services for coronary heart disease.Methods Patients with coronary heart disease who visited and were registered for management at the Xicheng District Bai Zhifang Community Health Service Center， Beijing， from March to September 2025， were selected as the study subjects. Patients in the control group routinely received community chronic disease management services provided by family doctors， such as health education and regular follow-ups. Patients in the experimental group also underwent a standardized MTM service developed by clinical pharmacists for a period of six months in addition to receiving community chronic disease management services. The frequency of angina attacks， the number of rehospitalizations due to acute myocardial infarction， the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and the achievement of LDL-C targets were compared between the two groups before and after six months of intervention. The proportion of days covered by medication， estimated based on pharmacy dispensing records， was used to assess medication adherence.Results A total of 154 patients were enrolled， with 77 in the experimental group and 77 in the control group. After six months of intervention by clinical pharmacists， patients in the experimental group had fewer episodes of angina pectoris per week compared to the control group ［（0.24±0.07） times vs （1.48±0.44） times］， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. The readmission rate for acute myocardial infarction in the experimental group was slightly lower than that in the control group （1.30% vs 5.19%）， but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The LDL-C level in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group ［（1.95±0.71） mmol/L vs （2.38±0.92） mmol/L］， and the LDL-C target achievement rate and medication adherence of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group （58.44% vs 31.17%， 90.91% vs 45.45%）， with statistically significant differences （P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups （P>0.05）.Conclusion Implementing MTM services led by clinical pharmacists for community-dwelling patients with coronary heart disease can improve medication adherence， reduce LDL-C levels， and decrease acute exacerbations of coronary heart disease. It is an effective management model for improving long-term patient outcomes.

This article reports a case of SAPHO syndrome presenting with thoracic back pain as the initial symptom. The patient was referred to the departments of orthopedics and hematology successively. Clues to the diagnosis were revealed by positron emission tomography/CT， and the patient was ultimately diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome by a rheumatologist. After four weeks of treatment with secukinumab， the patient's thoracic back pain improved significantly， and no recurrence was observed during a follow-up of 1.5 years. This case suggests that secukinumab can effectively control the disease activity of SAPHO syndrome， providing a favorable option for clinical treatment.

This article reports a case of severe anemic heart disease in a patient with essential thrombocythemia following the treatment with hydroxyurea. After treatment with blood transfusion and mechanical ventilation， the patient's symptoms of heart failure significantly improved. This suggests that close monitoring of blood routine parameters and cardiac function indicators is necessary during hydroxyurea therapy. Individualized attention should be given to ensure patient medication safety.