Abstract:On the background of the pharmaceutical industry is located in economic industry,the low profit rate of national essential drugs makes it easy to cause the profit motive deficiency,and reduce the accessibility. In order to improve the accessibility of national essential drugs, we should analyze the influencing factors from multiple perspectives,such as patients, doctors and pharmacists, pharmaceutical production enterprises and government. So we can develop targeted strategies, safeguard the supply of national basic drugs, improve the accessibility of national essential drugs, achieve the goal of the drug policy of national basic drugs system.